(83-04) The Role of the SLP in the Evaluation and Treatment of Pediatric Feeding Disorders

Abstract:

Purpose: This systematic review of the literature on pediatric feeding disorders (PFDs) aims to identify the evidence-based role of the speech-language pathologist (SLP) in the evaluation and treatment of pediatric feeding disorders in otherwise healthy children, and themes relating to pediatric dysphagia management in a school setting.

Methods: First, PubMed, CINAHL, PsychNet, Google Scholar, and Embase databases were searched for literature relating to the SLP and pediatric feeding disorders (n= 964). MeSH terms included: speech language pathologist, treatment, feeding, eating, or appetite disorder, pediatrics, school, and avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). Then, using Covidence software, 276 duplicate articles were identified and removed. Then 4 individuals (3 SLP students and 1 SLP faculty mentor) screened the remaining 686 articles. Title and abstract screening reduced the list to 167. Finally, full-text review resulted in 15 articles being deemed relevant to the SLP’s role in the evaluation or treatment of pediatric feeding disorders and caregiver burden.

Results: The SLP plays a significant role in the evaluation and treatment of individuals with pediatric feeding disorders. Instrumental and clinical assessments are relied on in the diagnosis of pediatric feeding disorders. Observation of feeding and eating also aids in diagnosis. Few screening and assessment tools are directly related to pediatric feeding and are often self or parent-reported measures of feeding habits and abilities. Treatment consists of sensory and behavioral approaches, as well as patient and caregiver education. However, little empirical evidence exists to support these treatment methods. From this review, there is no evidence of any standardized, evidence-based protocols for the treatment of PFDs. Stress has been placed on the need for multidisciplinary treatment and for an increase of PFD management in schools. SLPs overall report varying confidence levels in their ability to evaluate and treat PFDs. The COVID-19 pandemic expanded the settings in which evaluation and treatment of PFDs occurs.

Conclusions: The SLP has an integral role in the evaluation and treatment of PFDs, however assessments and treatment protocols tailored to this specific population are lacking. Established methods of assessment and treatment for managing PFDs in schools are needed as these services are being offered in this setting. SLP comfortability with the PFD population is essential to provide consistent and quality care to children with PFDs.

Summary of Presentation : This presentation aims to define the role of the speech-language pathologist in the evaluation and treatment of pediatric feeding disorders in otherwise healthy children, and themes relating to pediatric dysphagia management in a school setting.